Readings in the Jewish Scriptures
Site: | Christian Leaders |
Course: | PHI 350 - Comparative Religions (2 Cr) |
Book: | Readings in the Jewish Scriptures |
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Date: | Friday, November 22, 2024, 2:40 AM |
Description
This book has several readings drawn from the Jewish Scriptures.
1. The Call of Moses by Yahweh
Exodus 3 New International Version
Moses and the Burning Bush
3 Now Moses was tending the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of Midian, and he led the flock to the far side of the wilderness and came to Horeb, the mountain of God. 2 There the angel of the Lord appeared to him in flames of fire from within a bush. Moses saw that though the bush was on fire it did not burn up. 3 So Moses thought, “I will go over and see this strange sight—why the bush does not burn up.”
4 When the Lord saw that he had gone over to look, God called to him from within the bush, “Moses! Moses!”
And Moses said, “Here I am.”
5 “Do not come any closer,” God said. “Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy ground.” 6 Then he said, “I am the God of your father,[a] the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob.” At this, Moses hid his face, because he was afraid to look at God.
7 The Lord said, “I have indeed seen the misery of my people in Egypt. I have heard them crying out because of their slave drivers, and I am concerned about their suffering. 8 So I have come down to rescue them from the hand of the Egyptians and to bring them up out of that land into a good and spacious land, a land flowing with milk and honey—the home of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites. 9 And now the cry of the Israelites has reached me, and I have seen the way the Egyptians are oppressing them. 10 So now, go. I am sending you to Pharaoh to bring my people the Israelites out of Egypt.”
11 But Moses said to God, “Who am I that I should go to Pharaoh and bring the Israelites out of Egypt?”
12 And God said, “I will be with you. And this will be the sign to you that it is I who have sent you: When you have brought the people out of Egypt, you[b] will worship God on this mountain.”
13 Moses said to God, “Suppose I go to the Israelites and say to them, ‘The God of your fathers has sent me to you,’ and they ask me, ‘What is his name?’ Then what shall I tell them?”
14 God said to Moses, “I am who I am.[c] This is what you are to say to the Israelites: ‘I am has sent me to you.’”
15 God also said to Moses, “Say to the Israelites, ‘The Lord,[d] the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob—has sent me to you.’
“This is
my name forever,
the name
you shall call me
from
generation to generation.
16 “Go, assemble the elders of Israel and say to them, ‘The Lord, the God of your fathers—the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob—appeared to me and said: I have watched over you and have seen what has been done to you in Egypt. 17 And I have promised to bring you up out of your misery in Egypt into the land of the Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites—a land flowing with milk and honey.’
18 “The elders of Israel will listen to you. Then you and the elders are to go to the king of Egypt and say to him, ‘The Lord, the God of the Hebrews, has met with us. Let us take a three-day journey into the wilderness to offer sacrifices to the Lord our God.’ 19 But I know that the king of Egypt will not let you go unless a mighty hand compels him. 20 So I will stretch out my hand and strike the Egyptians with all the wonders that I will perform among them. After that, he will let you go.
21 “And I will make the Egyptians favorably disposed toward this people, so that when you leave you will not go empty-handed. 22 Every woman is to ask her neighbor and any woman living in her house for articles of silver and gold and for clothing, which you will put on your sons and daughters. And so you will plunder the Egyptians.”
Footnotes:
- Exodus 3:6 Masoretic Text; Samaritan Pentateuch (see Acts 7:32) fathers
- Exodus 3:12 The Hebrew is plural.
- Exodus 3:14 Or I will be what I will be
- Exodus 3:15 The Hebrew for Lord sounds like and may be related to the Heb
2. Covenant With David
2 Samuel 7 New International Version (NIV)
God’s Promise to David
7 After the king was settled in his palace and the Lord had given him rest from all his enemies around him, 2 he said to Nathan the prophet, “Here I am, living in a house of cedar, while the ark of God remains in a tent.”
3 Nathan replied to the king, “Whatever you have in mind, go ahead and do it, for the Lord is with you.”
4 But that night the word of the Lord came to Nathan, saying:
5 “Go and tell my servant David, ‘This is what the Lord says: Are you the one to build me a house to dwell in? 6 I have not dwelt in a house from the day I brought the Israelites up out of Egypt to this day. I have been moving from place to place with a tent as my dwelling. 7 Wherever I have moved with all the Israelites, did I ever say to any of their rulers whom I commanded to shepherd my people Israel, “Why have you not built me a house of cedar?”’
8 “Now then, tell my servant David, ‘This is what the Lord Almighty says: I took you from the pasture, from tending the flock, and appointed you ruler over my people Israel. 9 I have been with you wherever you have gone, and I have cut off all your enemies from before you. Now I will make your name great, like the names of the greatest men on earth. 10 And I will provide a place for my people Israel and will plant them so that they can have a home of their own and no longer be disturbed. Wicked people will not oppress them anymore, as they did at the beginning 11 and have done ever since the time I appointed leaders[a] over my people Israel. I will also give you rest from all your enemies.
“‘The Lord declares to you that the Lord himself will establish a house for you: 12 When your days are over and you rest with your ancestors, I will raise up your offspring to succeed you, your own flesh and blood, and I will establish his kingdom. 13 He is the one who will build a house for my Name, and I will establish the throne of his kingdom forever. 14 I will be his father, and he will be my son. When he does wrong, I will punish him with a rod wielded by men, with floggings inflicted by human hands. 15 But my love will never be taken away from him, as I took it away from Saul, whom I removed from before you. 16 Your house and your kingdom will endure forever before me[b]; your throne will be established forever.’”
17 Nathan reported to David all the words of this entire revelation.
David’s Prayer
18 Then King David went in and sat before the Lord, and he said:
“Who am I, Sovereign Lord, and what is my family, that you have brought me this far? 19 And as if this were not enough in your sight, Sovereign Lord, you have also spoken about the future of the house of your servant—and this decree, Sovereign Lord, is for a mere human![c]
20 “What more can David say to you? For you know your servant, Sovereign Lord. 21 For the sake of your word and according to your will, you have done this great thing and made it known to your servant.
22 “How great you are, Sovereign Lord! There is no one like you, and there is no God but you, as we have heard with our own ears. 23 And who is like your people Israel—the one nation on earth that God went out to redeem as a people for himself, and to make a name for himself, and to perform great and awesome wonders by driving out nations and their gods from before your people, whom you redeemed from Egypt?[d] 24 You have established your people Israel as your very own forever, and you, Lord, have become their God.
25 “And now, Lord God, keep forever the promise you have made concerning your servant and his house. Do as you promised, 26 so that your name will be great forever. Then people will say, ‘The Lord Almighty is God over Israel!’ And the house of your servant David will be established in your sight.
27 “Lord Almighty, God of Israel, you have revealed this to your servant, saying, ‘I will build a house for you.’ So your servant has found courage to pray this prayer to you. 28 Sovereign Lord, you are God! Your covenant is trustworthy, and you have promised these good things to your servant. 29 Now be pleased to bless the house of your servant, that it may continue forever in your sight; for you, Sovereign Lord, have spoken, and with your blessing the house of your servant will be blessed forever.”
Footnotes:
- 2 Samuel 7:11 Traditionally judges
- 2 Samuel 7:16 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint; most Hebrew manuscripts you
- 2 Samuel 7:19 Or for the human race
- 2 Samuel 7:23 See Septuagint and 1 Chron. 17:21; Hebrew wonders for your land and before your people, whom you redeemed from Egypt, from the nations and their gods.
3. Isaiah's Vision of Comfort
Isaiah 40 New International Version (NIV)
Comfort for God’s People
40 Comfort, comfort my
people,
says your
God.
2 Speak tenderly to
Jerusalem,
and
proclaim to her
that
her hard service has been completed,
that her
sin has been paid for,
that
she has received from the Lord’s hand
double for
all her sins.
3 A voice
of one calling:
“In
the wilderness prepare
the way for
the Lord[a];
make
straight in the desert
a highway
for our God.[b]
4 Every valley shall be
raised up,
every
mountain and hill made low;
the
rough ground shall become level,
the
rugged places a plain.
5 And the glory of the Lord will be revealed,
and all
people will see it together.
For the
mouth of the Lord has spoken.”
6 A voice
says, “Cry out.”
And I
said, “What shall I cry?”
“All
people are like grass,
and all
their faithfulness is like the flowers of the field.
7 The grass withers and
the flowers fall,
because
the breath of the Lord blows on them.
Surely
the people are grass.
8 The grass withers and the
flowers fall,
but the
word of our God endures forever.”
9 You who
bring good news to Zion,
go up on
a high mountain.
You
who bring good news to Jerusalem,[c]
lift up
your voice with a shout,
lift
it up, do not be afraid;
say to
the towns of Judah,
“Here is
your God!”
10 See, the Sovereign Lord comes with
power,
and he
rules with a mighty arm.
See,
his reward is with him,
and his
recompense accompanies him.
11 He tends his flock like a
shepherd:
He
gathers the lambs in his arms
and
carries them close to his heart;
he gently
leads those that have young.
12 Who has
measured the waters in the hollow of his hand,
or with
the breadth of his hand marked off the heavens?
Who
has held the dust of the earth in a basket,
or weighed
the mountains on the scales
and the
hills in a balance?
13 Who can fathom the Spirit[d] of
the Lord,
or
instruct the Lord as his counselor?
14 Whom did the Lord consult to enlighten
him,
and who
taught him the right way?
Who
was it that taught him knowledge,
or showed
him the path of understanding?
15 Surely
the nations are like a drop in a bucket;
they are
regarded as dust on the scales;
he weighs
the islands as though they were fine dust.
16 Lebanon is not
sufficient for altar fires,
nor its
animals enough for burnt offerings.
17 Before him all the nations are
as nothing;
they are
regarded by him as worthless
and less
than nothing.
18 With
whom, then, will you compare God?
To what
image will you liken him?
19 As for an idol, a
metalworker casts it,
and a
goldsmith overlays it with gold
and
fashions silver chains for it.
20 A person too poor to
present such an offering
selects
wood that will not rot;
they
look for a skilled worker
to set up
an idol that will not topple.
21 Do you
not know?
Have you
not heard?
Has
it not been told you from the beginning?
Have you
not understood since the earth was founded?
22 He sits enthroned above
the circle of the earth,
and its
people are like grasshoppers.
He
stretches out the heavens like a canopy,
and
spreads them out like a tent to live in.
23 He brings princes to
naught
and
reduces the rulers of this world to nothing.
24 No sooner are they planted,
no sooner
are they sown,
no sooner
do they take root in the ground,
than
he blows on them and they wither,
and a
whirlwind sweeps them away like chaff.
25 “To whom
will you compare me?
Or who is
my equal?” says the Holy One.
26 Lift up your eyes and look
to the heavens:
Who
created all these?
He
who brings out the starry host one by one
and calls
forth each of them by name.
Because
of his great power and mighty strength,
not one
of them is missing.
27 Why do
you complain, Jacob?
Why do
you say, Israel,
“My
way is hidden from the Lord;
my cause
is disregarded by my God”?
28 Do you not know?
Have you
not heard?
The Lord is the everlasting God,
the
Creator of the ends of the earth.
He
will not grow tired or weary,
and his
understanding no one can fathom.
29 He gives strength to
the weary
and
increases the power of the weak.
30 Even youths grow tired and
weary,
and young
men stumble and fall;
31 but those who hope in
the Lord
will
renew their strength.
They
will soar on wings like eagles;
they will
run and not grow weary,
they will
walk and not be faint.
4. Malachi Sees the Future
Malachi 3 New International Version (NIV)
3 “I will send my messenger, who will prepare the way before me. Then suddenly the Lord you are seeking will come to his temple; the messenger of the covenant, whom you desire, will come,” says the Lord Almighty.
2 But who can endure the day of his coming? Who can stand when he appears? For he will be like a refiner’s fire or a launderer’s soap. 3 He will sit as a refiner and purifier of silver; he will purify the Levites and refine them like gold and silver. Then the Lord will have men who will bring offerings in righteousness, 4 and the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem will be acceptable to the Lord, as in days gone by, as in former years.
5 “So I will come to put you on trial. I will be quick to testify against sorcerers, adulterers and perjurers, against those who defraud laborers of their wages, who oppress the widows and the fatherless, and deprive the foreigners among you of justice, but do not fear me,” says the Lord Almighty.
Breaking Covenant by Withholding Tithes
6 “I the Lord do not change. So you, the descendants of Jacob, are not destroyed. 7 Ever since the time of your ancestors you have turned away from my decrees and have not kept them. Return to me, and I will return to you,” says the Lord Almighty.
“But you ask, ‘How are we to return?’
8 “Will a mere mortal rob God? Yet you rob me.
“But you ask, ‘How are we robbing you?’
“In tithes and offerings. 9 You are under a curse—your whole nation—because you are robbing me. 10 Bring the whole tithe into the storehouse, that there may be food in my house. Test me in this,” says the Lord Almighty, “and see if I will not throw open the floodgates of heaven and pour out so much blessing that there will not be room enough to store it. 11 I will prevent pests from devouring your crops, and the vines in your fields will not drop their fruit before it is ripe,” says the Lord Almighty. 12 “Then all the nations will call you blessed, for yours will be a delightful land,” says the Lord Almighty.
Israel Speaks Arrogantly Against God
13 “You have spoken arrogantly against me,” says the Lord.
“Yet you ask, ‘What have we said against you?’
14 “You have said, ‘It is futile to serve God. What do we gain by carrying out his requirements and going about like mourners before the Lord Almighty? 15 But now we call the arrogant blessed. Certainly evildoers prosper, and even when they put God to the test, they get away with it.’”
The Faithful Remnant
16 Then those who feared the Lord talked with each other, and the Lord listened and heard. A scroll of remembrance was written in his presence concerning those who feared the Lord and honored his name.
17 “On the day when I act,” says the Lord Almighty, “they will be my treasured possession. I will spare them, just as a father has compassion and spares his son who serves him. 18 And you will again see the distinction between the righteous and the wicked, between those who serve God and those who do not.