Video Transcript: Transactions Affecting Only The Balance Sheet
Hello and welcome back now we discuss the transactions that only affect the balance sheet, since each transaction affecting a business entity must be recorded in the accounting records. Analyzing this transaction before actually recording it is an important part of the financial accounting, an error in transaction analysis results in incorrect financial statements. To illustrate the analysis of transactions and their effects on the basic accounting equation, the activities of Metro Courier, Inc, that led to the statements an exhibit in the upcoming slides, the first set of transactions for June one, a, two, a and so on are repeated in the summary of transactions exhibit three, part A. The second set of transactions for July 1b, through 6b are repeated in Exhibit four part A when Metro Courier was organized as a corporation on June 120 10, the company issued shares of capital stock for 30,000 US dollars cash to Ron Cheney and his wife and Their son. The transaction increased assets of Metro by 30,000 and increase equities, the capital stock element of stockholders equity, by 30,000 Consequently, the transaction yields the following basic accounting equation. As you can see, they invested $30,000 in cash. So it's affecting your cash or receiving 30,000 and then the credit is recorded in the stockholders equity, which is your investment. Okay? And again, you keep your in balance of your accounting equation 30,000 assets, and then 30,000 on the stockholders equity and the liabilities. The company borrowed $6,000 from Cheney's father. Cheney signed the note for the company. The note bore no interest, and the company promised to repay the amount borrowed within one year after including the effects of this transaction. The basic accounting equation is so you have your 30,000 original and then you're going to borrow money. So you're adding 6000 to your cash and you are creating a new liability, which is a note payable for with a credit balance of six. So you have your debit and you have your credit, and again, you're staying in balance at $36,000 on each side. Metro paid $20,000 cash for two used delivery trucks, $1,500 for office equipment. The trucks and office equipment are assets because the company uses them to earn revenues in the future. Know that this transaction does not change the total amount of assets and the basic equation, but only changes the composition of the assets. This transaction decreased cash and increased trucks and office equipment by the total amount of cash, decreased Metro received two assets and gave up one asset of equal value. Total Assets are still 36,000 and now you can see it in the account equation. So as you can see, they their cash of 36,000 and then they spent $2,105 with a balance of 14 five and they increased their assets. Like you said, took away the asset of cash and increase with trucks and office equipment. And as you can see, you're still remaining in balance. And you've decreased by 21,500 on your cash, but you also increased your assets by 2000 or $21,500 so you're still remaining in balance on both sides. Metro purchased an additional $1,000 of office equipment on account agreeing to pay within 10 days after receiving the bill.
This transaction increased assets, which was the office equipment and the liabilities, which is the accounts payable by $1,000 as stated earlier, accounts payables are amounts owed to suppliers for items purchased on credit. Now you can see the $1,000 increase in the assets and liabilities as follows. Eight days after receiving the bill, Metro paid $1,000 for the office equipment purchased on account the transaction reduced cash by 1000 and reduced accounts payable by 1000 thus the assets and liabilities both are reduced by 1000 and the equation again balances as follows. So as you can see, he paid $1,000 for. Cash on transaction five A and you decreased your liabilities by 1000 as well. So on both sides, you decreased by $1,000 you decreased your assets and you decreased your liabilities. So this is a summary of all of our transactions. The stockholders invested the 30,000 which is cash and stockholders equity. Okay, your second transaction, you borrowed money, which reduced your cash and increased your liability of $6,000 and then you purchased a truck and some office equipment. So you've spent total $21,500 cash. Which is a negative asset, but you increase your asset as well by buying the truck and the office equipment for the same amount. Okay? And then you purchase office equipment on account $14,500 I apologize. I'm sorry, $1,000 of office equipment so that adds to your assets, and you also add it to your liability by accounts payable on credit, therefore remaining in balance on your assets and your liabilities, and then your end of the month balances. If you add them together, they all remain in balance at $36,000 part. A is a summary of transactions prepared in accounting equation on the accounting equation form for June. A summary of transactions is a teaching tool used to show the effects of transactions on the accounting equation. Note that the stockholders equity has remained at $30,000 this amount changes as the business begins to earn revenues or incur expenses. You can see how the totals at the bottom of part A of exhibit three tie into the balance sheet shown in part B. The date on the balance sheet is June 30, 2010 these totals become the beginning balances for July 2010 and as you can see, so what you're going to do is, from the worksheet on your balance sheet, on the left hand side, you have your assets. On the right hand side, you have your liabilities and your owner's equity, because both sides must balance. Okay, so your assets, you just start with whatever account you have, your cash, what was your balance? 13,500 trucks, office equipment and so on, until your total assets total three. Excuse me, I'm sorry, $36,000 and then on the other side of the equation, you have your liabilities, your notes payable of 6000 which is money you owe, okay? So that your total liability of 6000 and then your initial investment of the 30,000 into your stockholders equity. Okay, so again, $36,000 so both sides agree and are in balance.