Reading: Review verb paradigms
Present Tense
Present Active Indicative (PAI) Paradigm
|
Singular |
Plural |
||
1. |
λύω |
I loose/am loosing |
λυόμεν |
We loose/ are loosing |
2. |
λύεις |
You loose/are loosing |
λύετε |
You loose/are loosing |
3. |
λύει |
He/she/it looses/is loosing |
λύουσι(ν) |
They loose/are loosing |
Primary Pronominal Suffixes
-ω |
I |
-ομεν |
We |
-εις |
You (thou) |
-ετε |
You (you-all) |
-ει |
He/she/it |
-ουσι(ν) |
They |
Present Middle Indicative Paradigm λύω
|
Singular |
Plural |
||
1. |
λύομαι |
I am loosing (for myself) |
λυόμεθα |
We are loosing (for ourselves) |
2. |
λύῃ |
You are loosing (for yourself) |
λύεσθε |
You are loosing (for yourselves) |
3. |
λύεται |
He/she/it is loosing (for himself/herself/itself) |
λύονται |
They are loosing (for themselves) |
Present Passive Indicative Paradigm
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
λύομαι |
I am being loosed |
λυόμεθα |
We are being loosed |
2. |
λύῃ |
You are being loosed |
λύεσθε |
You are being loosed |
3. |
λύεται |
He/she/it is being loosed |
λύονται |
They are being loosed |
Middle/Passive Primary Endings
|
Singular |
Plural |
1. |
-ομαι |
-ομεθα |
2. |
-ῃ (-σαι) |
-εσθε |
3. |
-εται |
-ονται |
Present of εἰμί
|
Singular |
Plural |
||
1. |
εἰμί |
I am |
ἐσμέν |
We are |
2. |
εἶ |
You are |
ἐστέ |
You are |
3. |
ἐστί(ν) |
He/she/it is |
εἰσί(ν) |
They are |
Contract Verbs
Present Active Indicative of ἀγαπάω
|
Singular |
Plural |
||
1. |
ἀγαπῶ (αω) |
I love |
ἀγαπῶμεν (αομεν) |
We love |
2. |
ἀγαπᾷς (αεις) |
You love |
ἀγαπᾶτε (αετε) |
You love |
3. |
ἀγαπᾷ (αει) |
He/she/it loves |
ἀγαπῶσι(ν) (αουσι) |
They love |
Present Active Indicative of ποιέω
|
Singular |
Plural |
||
1. |
ποιῶ (εω) |
I do |
ποιοῦμεν (εομεν) |
We do |
2. |
ποιεῖς (εεις) |
You do |
ποιεῖτε (εετε) |
You do |
3. |
ποιεῖ (εει) |
He/she/it does |
ποιοῦσι(ν) (εουσι) |
They do |
Present Active Indicative of πληρόω
|
Singular |
Plural |
||
1. |
πληρῶ (οω) |
I fill |
πληροῦμεν (οομεν) |
We fill |
2. |
πληροῖς (οεις) |
You fill |
πληροῦτε (οετε) |
You fill |
3. |
πληροῖ (οει) |
He/she/it fills |
πληροῦσι(ν) (οουσι) |
They fill |
Participles
Present Active Participles
|
3 |
1 |
3 |
Singular |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nom. |
λύων |
λύουσα |
λῦον |
Gen. |
λύοντος |
λυούσης |
λύοντος |
Dat. |
λύοντι |
λυούσῃ |
λύοντι |
Acc. |
λύοντα |
λύουσαν |
λῦον |
Plural |
|
|
|
Nom. |
λύοντες |
λύουσαι |
λύοντα |
Gen. |
λυόντων |
λυουσῶν |
λυόντων |
Dat. |
λύουσι(ν) |
λυούσαις |
λύουσι(ν) |
Acc. |
λύοντας |
λυούσας |
λύοντα |
Present Middle/Passive Participles
|
2 |
1 |
2 |
Singular |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nom. |
λυόμενος |
λυομένη |
λυόμενον |
Gen. |
λυομένου |
λυομένης |
λυομένου |
Dat. |
λυομένῳ |
λυομένῃ |
λυομένῳ |
Acc. |
λυόμενον |
λυομένην |
λυόμενον |
Plural |
|
|
|
Nom. |
λυόμενοι |
λυόμεναι |
λυόμενα |
Gen. |
λυομένων |
λυομένων |
λυομένων |
Dat. |
λυομένοις |
λυομέναις |
λυομένοις |
Acc. |
λυομένους |
λυομένας |
λυόμενα |
Present Active Participle of εἰμί
|
3 |
1 |
3 |
Singular |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nom. |
ὤν |
οὖσα |
ὄν |
Gen. |
ὄντος |
οὔσης |
ὄντος |
Dat. |
ὄντι |
οὔσῃ |
ὄντι |
Acc. |
ὄντα |
οὖσαν |
ὄν |
Plural |
|
|
|
Nom. |
ὄντες |
οὖσαι |
ὄντα |
Gen. |
ὄντων |
οὐσῶν |
ὄντων |
Dat. |
οὖσι(ν) |
οὔσαις |
οὖσι(ν) |
Acc. |
ὄντας |
οὔσας |
ὄντα |
Future Tense
Future Active Indicative Paradigm
|
Singular |
Plural |
||
1. |
λύσω |
I will loose |
λύσομεν |
We will loose |
2. |
λύσεις |
You will loose |
λύσετε |
You will loose |
3. |
λύσει |
He/she/it will loose |
λύσουσι(ν) |
They will loose |
Future Middle Indicative Paradigm
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
λύσομαι |
I will loose (for myself) |
λυσόμεθα |
We will loose (for ourselves) |
2. |
λύσῃ |
You will loose (for yourself) |
λύσεσθε |
You will loose (for yourselves) |
3. |
λύσεται |
He/she/it will loose (for himself/herself/itself) |
λύσονται |
They will loose (for themselves) |
Future Passive Indicative of λύω
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
λυθήσομαι |
I will be loosed |
λυθησόμεθα |
We will be loosed |
2. |
λυθήσῃ |
You will be loosed |
λυθήσεσθε |
You will be loosed |
3. |
λυθήσεται |
He/she/it will be loosed |
λυθήσονται |
They will be loosed |
Future of εἰμί
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
ἔσομαι |
I will be |
ἐσόμεθα |
We will be |
2. |
ἔσῃ |
You will be |
ἔσεσθε |
You will be |
3. |
ἔσται |
He/she/it will be |
ἔσονται |
They will be |
Imperfect Tense
Imperfect Active Indicative of λύω
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
ἔλυον |
I was loosing |
ἐλύομεν |
We were loosing |
2. |
ἔλυες |
You were loosing |
ἐλύετε |
You were loosing |
3. |
ἔλυε(ν) |
He/she/it was loosing |
ἔλυον |
They were loosing |
Secondary Active Endings
|
Singular |
Plural |
1. |
-ν |
-μεν |
2. |
-ς |
-τε |
3. |
-ε |
-ν |
Learn: ν ς ε μεν τε ν (n s e men te n)
Imperfect Middle/Passive Indicative of λύω
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
ἐλυόμην |
I was being loosed |
ἐλυόμεθα |
We were being loosed |
2. |
ἐλύου |
You were being loosed |
ἐλύεσθε |
You were being loosed |
3. |
ἐλύετο |
He/she/it was being loosed |
ἐλύοντο |
They were being loosed |
Secondary Middle/Passive Endings
|
Singular |
Plural |
1. |
-μην |
-μεθα |
2. |
-ου |
-εσθε |
3. |
-το |
-οντο |
Imperfect of εἰμί
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
ἤμην |
I was |
ἦμεν |
We were |
2. |
ἦς |
You were |
ἦτε |
You were |
3. |
ἦν |
He/she/it was |
ἦσαν |
They were |
Aorist Tense
First Aorist Active Indicative of λύω
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
ἔλυσα |
I loosed |
ἐλύσαμεν |
We loosed |
2. |
ἔλυσας |
You loosed |
ἐλύσατε |
You loosed |
3. |
ἔλυσε(ν) |
He/she/it loosed |
ἔλυσαν |
They loosed |
Note: –, σ, ε, μεν, τε, ν endings are the same as the imperfects except in the first person singular, where the ν is dropped.
First Aorist Middle Indicative of λύω
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
ἐλυσάμην |
I loosed (for myself) |
ἐλυσάμεθα |
We loosed (for ourselves) |
2. |
ἐλύσω |
You loosed (for yourself) |
ἐλύσασθε |
You loosed (for yourselves) |
3. |
ἐλύσατο |
He/she/it loosed (for himself/herself/itself) |
ἐλύσαντο |
They loosed (for themselves) |
First Aorist Passive Indicative of λύω
|
Singular |
Plural |
||
1. |
ἐλύθην |
I was loosed |
ἐλύθημεν |
We were loosed |
2. |
ἐλύθης |
You were loosed |
ἐλύθητε |
You were loosed |
3. |
ἐλύθη |
He/she/it was loosed |
ἐλύθησαν |
They were loosed |
First Aorist Active Participles (recognize these forms)
|
3 |
1 |
3 |
Singular |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nom. |
λύσας |
λύσασα |
λῦσαν |
Gen. |
λύσαντος |
λυσάσης |
λύσαντος |
Dat. |
λύσαντι |
λυσάσῃ |
λύσαντι |
Acc. |
λύσαντα |
λύσασαν |
λῦσαν |
Plural |
|
|
|
Nom. |
λύσαντες |
λύσασαι |
λύσαντα |
Gen. |
λυσάντων |
λυσασῶν |
λυσάντων |
Dat. |
λύσασι(ν) |
λυσάσαις |
λύσασι(ν) |
Acc. |
λύσαντας |
λυσάσας |
λύσαντα |
First Aorist Middle Participles
|
2 |
1 |
2 |
Singular |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nom. |
λυσάμενος |
λυσαμένη |
λυσάμενον |
Gen. |
λυσαμένου |
λυσαμένης |
λυσαμένου |
Dat. |
λυσαμένῳ |
λυσαμένῃ |
λυσαμένῳ |
Acc. |
λυσάμενον |
λυσαμένην |
λυσάμενον |
Plural |
|
|
|
Nom. |
λυσάμενοι |
λυσάμεναι |
λυσάμενα |
Gen. |
λυσαμένων |
λυσαμένων |
λυσαμένων |
Dat. |
λυσαμένοις |
λυσαμέναις |
λυσαμένοις |
Acc. |
λυσαμένους |
λυσαμένας |
λυσάμενα |
First Aorist Passive Participles
|
3 |
1 |
3 |
Singular |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nom. |
λυθείς |
λυθεῖσα |
λυθέν |
Gen. |
λυθέντος |
λυθείσης |
λυθέντος |
Dat. |
λυθέντι |
λυθείσῃ |
λυθέντι |
Acc. |
λυθέντα |
λυθεῖσαν |
λυθέν |
Plural |
|
|
|
Nom. |
λυθέντες |
λυθεῖσαι |
λυθέντα |
Gen. |
λυθέντων |
λυθεισῶν |
λυθέντων |
Dat. |
λυθεῖσι(ν) |
λυθείσαις |
λυθεῖσι(ν) |
Acc. |
λυθέντας |
λυθείσας |
λυθέντα |
Second Aorist Active Indicative of λαμβάνω
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
ἔλαβον |
I took |
ἐλάβομεν |
We took |
2. |
ἔλαβες |
You took |
ἐλάβετε |
You took |
3. |
ἔλαβε(ν) |
He/she/it took |
ἔλαβον |
They took |
Note: ν, σ, ε, μεν, τε, ν endings are the same as the imperfects.
Second Aorist Middle Indicative of γίνομαι
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
ἐγενόμην |
I became |
ἐγενόμεθα |
We became |
2. |
ἐγένου |
You became |
ἐγένεσθε |
You became |
3. |
ἐγένετο |
He/she/it became |
ἐγένοντο |
They became |
Note: μην, ου, το, μεθα, εσθε, οντο endings are the same as the imperfects.
Perfect Tense
Perfect Active Indicative of λύω
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
λέλυκα |
I have loosed |
λελύκαμεν |
We have loosed |
2. |
λέλυκας |
You have loosed |
λελύκατε |
You have loosed |
3. |
λέλυκε(ν) |
He/she/it has loosed |
λελύκασι(ν) |
They have loosed |
Perfect Middle/Passive Indicative of λύω
|
Singular |
|
Plural |
|
1. |
λέλυμαι |
I have been loosed |
λελύμεθα |
We have been loosed |
2. |
λέλυσαι |
You have been loosed |
λέλυσθε |
You have been loosed |
3. |
λέλυται |
He/she/it has been loosed |
λέλυνται |
They have been loosed |
Perfect Active Participles
|
3 |
1 |
3 |
Singular |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nom. |
λελυκώς |
λελυκυῖα |
λελυκός |
Gen. |
λελυκότος |
λελυκυίας |
λελυκότος |
Dat. |
λελυκότι |
λελυκυίᾳ |
λελυκότι |
Acc. |
λελυκότα |
λελυκυῖαν |
λελυκός |
Plural |
|
|
|
Nom. |
λελυκότες |
λελυκυῖαι |
λελυκότα |
Gen. |
λελυκότων |
λελυκυιῶν |
λελυκότων |
Dat. |
λελυκόσι(ν) |
λελυκυίας |
λελυκόσι(ν) |
Acc. |
λελυκότας |
λελυκυίας |
λελυκότα |
Perfect Middle/Passive Participles
|
2 |
1 |
2 |
Singular |
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Nom. |
λελυμένος |
λελυμένη |
λελυμένον |
Gen. |
λελυμένου |
λελυμένης |
λελυμένου |
Dat. |
λελυμένῳ |
λελυμένῃ |
λελυμένῳ |
Acc. |
λελυμένον |
λελυμένην |
λελυμένον |
Plural |
|
|
|
Nom. |
λελυμένοι |
λελυμέναι |
λελυμένα |
Gen. |
λελυμένων |
λελυμένων |
λελυμένων |
Dat. |
λελυμένοις |
λελυμέναις |
λελυμένοις |
Acc. |
λελυμένους |
λελυμένας |
λελυμένα |
Infinitive Forms
Present Infinitive |
||
Active |
Middle |
Passive |
λύειν |
λύεσθαι |
λύεσθαι |
First Aorist Infinitive |
||
Active |
Middle |
Passive |
λῦσαι |
λύσασθαι |
λυθῆναι |
Second Aorist Infinitive (λείπω, to leave) |
||
Active |
Middle |
Passive |
λιπεῖν |
λιπέσθαι |
λειφθῆναι |
Perfect Infinitive |
||
Active |
Middle |
Passive |
λελυκέναι |
λελύσθαι |
λελύσθαι |
Present Infinitive of εἰμί: εἶναι
Subjunctive Mood
Present Subjunctive of λύω
Active |
Singular |
Plural |
|
1. λύω |
λύωμεν |
|
2. λύῃς |
λύητε |
|
3. λύῃ |
λύωσι(ν) |
Middle/Passive |
Singular |
Plural |
|
1. λύωμαι |
λυώμεθα |
|
2. λύῃ |
λύησθε |
|
3. λύηται |
λύωνται |
First Aorist Subjunctive of λύω
Active |
Singular |
Plural |
|
1. λύσω |
λύσωμεν |
|
2. λύσῃς |
λύσητε |
|
3. λύσῃ |
λύσωσι(ν) |
Middle |
Singular |
Plural |
|
1. λύσωμαι |
λυσώμεθα |
|
2. λύσῃ |
λύσησθε |
|
3. λύσηται |
λύσωνται |
Passive |
Singular |
Plural |
|
1. λυθῶ |
λυθῶμεν |
|
2. λυθῇς |
λυθῆτε |
|
3. λυθῇ |
λυθῶσι(ν) |
Second Aorist Active Subjunctive Forms of λείπω
(to leave, fall short) (no sigma)
Singular |
Plural |
1. λίπω |
λίπωμεν |
2. λίπῃς |
λίπητε |
3. λίπῃ |
λίπωσι(ν) |
Subjunctive of εἰμί
Singular |
Plural |
1. ὦ |
ὦμεν |
2. ᾖς |
ἦτε |
3. ᾖ |
ὦσι(ν)
|
Imperative Mood
Present Imperative of λύω
Active |
Singular |
Plural |
|
2. λῦε |
λύετε |
|
3. λυέτω |
λυέτωσαν |
Middle/Passive |
Singular |
Plural |
|
2. λύου |
λύεσθε |
|
3. λυέσθω |
λυέσθωσαν |
First Aorist Imperative of λύω
Active |
Passive |
|||
Singular |
Plural |
Singular |
Plural |
|
2. λῦσον |
λύσατε |
λύθητι |
λύθητε |
|
3. λυσάτω |
λυσάτωσαν |
λυθήτω |
λυθήτωσαν |
|
Middle |
|
|||
Singular |
Plural |
|
||
2. λῦσαι |
λύσασθε |
|
||
3. λυσάσθω |
λυσάσθωσαν |
|
||
Second Aorist Imperative of λείπω (I leave)
Active |
Passive |
|||
Singular |
Plural |
Singular |
Plural |
|
1. λίπε |
λίπετε |
λείφθητι |
λείφθητε |
|
2. λιπέτω |
λιπέτωσαν |
λειφθήτω |
λειφθήτωσαν |
|
Middle |
|
|||
Singular |
Plural |
|
||
1. λιποῦ |
λίπεσθε |
|
||
2. λιπέσθω |
λιπέσθωσαν |
|
||
Imperative of εἰμί
Singular |
Plural |
2. ἴσθι |
ἔστε |
3. ἔστω |
ἔστωσαν |
-μι Verbs
δίδωμι Paradigms (I give [root δο])
Active Indicatives
Present |
Imperfect |
Future |
Aorist |
Perfect |
Singular |
||||
1. δίδωμι |
ἐδίδουν |
δώσω |
ἔδωκα |
δέδωκα |
2. δίδως |
ἐδίδους |
δώσεις |
ἔδωκας |
δέδωκας |
3. δίδωσι(ν) |
ἐδίδου |
δώσει |
ἔδωκε(ν) |
δέδωκε(ν) |
Plural |
||||
1. δίδομεν |
ἐδίδομεν |
δώσομεν |
ἐδώκαμεν |
δεδώκαμεν |
2. δίδοτε |
ἐδίδοτε |
δώσετε |
ἐδώκατε |
δεδώκατε |
3. διδόασι(ν) |
ἐδίδοσαν |
δώσουσι(ν) |
ἔδωκαν |
δέδωκαν |
Present Middle/Passive Indicative
(note how regular)
|
Singular |
Plural |
1. |
δίδομαι |
διδόμεθα |
2. |
δίδοσαι |
δίδοσθε |
3. |
δίδοται |
δίδονται |
Other Moods
Active |
|||
Present Subjunctive |
Aorist Subjunctive |
Present Imperative |
Aorist Imperative |
Singular |
|||
1. διδῶ |
δῶ |
— |
— |
2. διδῷς |
δῷς |
δίδου |
δός |
3. διδῷ |
δῷ |
διδότω |
δότω |
Plural |
|||
1. διδῶμεν |
δῶμεν |
— |
— |
2. διδῶτε |
δῶτε |
δίδοτε |
δότε |
3. διδῶσι(ν) |
δῶσι(ν) |
διδότωσαν |
δότωσαν |
|
Present Infinitive |
Aorist Infinitive |
Active |
διδόναι |
δοῦναι |
Middle |
δίδοσθαι |
δόσθαι |
Passive |
δίδοσθαι |
δοθῆναι |
Present Participles
Active |
Masc. |
Fem. |
Neut. |
Nom. |
διδούς |
διδοῦσα |
διδόν |
Gen. |
διδόντος |
διδούσης |
διδόντος |
Mid/Pass |
|
|
|
Nom. |
διδόμενος |
διδομένη |
διδόμενον |
Gen. |
διδομένου |
διδομένης |
διδομένου |
Aorist Participles (just pop the δι off the present ptc.)
Active |
Masc. |
Fem. |
Neut. |
Nom. |
δούς |
δοῦσα |
δόν |
Gen. |
δόντος |
δούσης |
δόντος |
Middle |
|
|
|
Nom. |
δόμενος |
δομένη |
δόμενον |
Gen. |
δομένου |
δομένης |
δομένου |
Passive |
|
|
|
Nom. |
δοθείς |
δοθεῖσα |
δοθέν |
Gen. |
δοθέντος |
δοθείσης |
δοθέντος |
Perfect Participles (shift the δι to δε + perf. κοτ/κυι )
Active |
Masc. |
Fem. |
Neut. |
Nom. |
δεδωκώς |
δεδωκυῖα |
δεδωκός |
Gen. |
δεδωκότος |
δεδωκυίας |
δεδωκότος |
Mid/Pass |
no perf. κ |
|
|
Nom. |
δεδόμενος |
δεδομένη |
δεδόμενον |
Gen. |
διδομένου |
δεδομένης |
δεδομένου |
Other -μι Verb Paradigms
Present Active Indicative
Singular |
||
1. ἵστημι |
τίθημι |
δείκνυμι |
2. ἵστης |
τίθης |
δείκνυς/δεικνύεις |
3. ἵστησι(ν) |
τίθησι(ν) |
δείκνυσι(ν) |
Plural |
||
1. ἵσταμεν |
τίθεμεν |
δείκνυμεν |
2. ἵστατε |
τίθετε |
δείκνυτε |
3. ἱστᾶσι(ν) |
τιθέασι(ν) |
δεικνύασι(ν) |