Reading: Oligopoly, Duopoly, and Collusion
Duopoly
•In
a duopoly, two competing businesses control the majority of the market sector
for a particular product or service they provide. A business can be part of a
duopoly even if it provides other services that do not fall into the market
sector in question. For example, Amazon is a part of the duopoly in the e-book
market but is not associated with a duopoly in its other product sectors, such
as computer hardware.
Boeing
and Airbus have been called a duopoly for their command of the large passenger
airplane market. Similarly, Amazon and Apple have been called a duopoly for
their dominance in the e-book marketplace. While there are other companies in
the business of producing passenger planes and e-books, the market share is
highly concentrated between the two businesses identified in the duopolyCollusion
•Collusion
involves an agreement between competing entities with the purpose of
manipulating the market often by inflating prices. For example, in 2012, Apple
was accused of colluding with publishers to artificially inflate the prices of
e-books offered through the iBookstore service. The accusation included charges
of conspiracy between Apple and five publishers, suggesting that pricing was
fixed and created an unfair situation within the consumer market.
最后修改: 2018年08月14日 星期二 10:21